Peptide
Reference library
Educational peptide reference — research use only.
Research & educational use only
For laboratory and educational research only. Not for human or veterinary consumption. This is not medical advice. Always follow applicable laws and consult qualified professionals.
The calculator performs unit math for research reference. It must not be used to plan or guide dosing in humans or animals. Verify all figures independently in your lab protocol.
MOTS-c
A mitochondrial-derived peptide studied in metabolic regulation research.
- Half-life (approx.)
- ~hours (approx., research ongoing)
- Diluent
- Bacteriostatic water (0.9% benzyl alcohol)
- Common vials
- 5, 10 mg
Half-life figures are literature approximations for educational reference — not pharmacokinetic advice.
Overview
MOTS-c is a mitochondrial open-reading-frame peptide that translocates to the nucleus under metabolic stress, activating AMPK-related pathways. Exercise-mimetic and longevity research examines its role in insulin sensitivity and aging markers. Mitochondrial-derived peptide studied as exercise mimetic in metabolic aging research.
Structure & identity
16-mer mitochondrial peptide MRWQEMGYIFYPRKLR
- Sequence / structure
- 16-mer mitochondrial peptide MRWQEMGYIFYPRKLR
Mechanism
Mitochondrial-encoded peptide translocates to nucleus under stress, regulating metabolic genes. Nuclear translocation under stress links mitochondrial bioenergetics to genomic metabolic programs.
Studies & clinical programs
Exercise mimetic rodent studies
Published research models
- Peer-reviewed literature documents endpoints under Exercise mimetic rodent studies experimental designs.
Insulin sensitivity clamps
Published research models
- Peer-reviewed literature documents endpoints under Insulin sensitivity clamps experimental designs.
Research models in literature
- Exercise mimetic rodent studies
- Insulin sensitivity clamps
Literature highlights
- Mitochondrial-encoded peptide translocates to nucleus under metabolic stress in rodent studies.
- Exercise-mimetic insulin-sensitivity endpoints examined in clamp and wheel-running models.
- AMPK pathway cross-talk reported in aging and metabolic disease research.
Combination research notes
Metabolic stacks in literature reference MOTS-c with SS-31 and NAD+ pathway compounds.
Key targets & pathways
Research areas
Routes in research literature
Also known as
Stability & storage phases
| Phase | Condition | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Lyophilized | Sealed vial, refrigerated (2–8 °C) | Intact lyophilized cake or powder is typically stable for months to years per published stability data; protect from moisture, light, and repeated freeze-thaw of the dry vial. |
| Reconstituted | Bacteriostatic water (0.9% benzyl alcohol), refrigerated | Most aqueous peptide solutions remain usable for approximately 2–4 weeks refrigerated; verify published stability data and label with reconstitution date. |
| Working aliquots | Pre-drawn syringes or microtubes, frozen (−20 °C) | Aliquot promptly after mixing to limit freeze-thaw cycles on the main vial; thaw once and use to reduce protease-mediated degradation. |
Stability windows are formulation-dependent — verify published data and your lab SOP.
Reconstitution reference table
| Vial (mg) | Diluent (mL) | mcg/mL | Units @ 100 mcg | Units @ 250 mcg | Units @ 500 mcg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | 2 | 2500.0 | 4 | 10 | 20 |
| 10 | 2 | 5000.0 | 2 | 5 | 10 |
U-100 insulin syringe scale (100 units = 1 mL). Illustrative only — not dosing guidance.
Reconstitution steps
- Allow vial to reach room temperature (15–30 min)
- Swab rubber stopper with alcohol prep pad
- Draw calculated bacteriostatic water into syringe
- Inject diluent slowly down vial wall — do not spray directly onto cake
- Gently swirl until fully dissolved — do not shake vigorously
- Label with date, concentration, and diluent volume
- Refrigerate and use within your lab stability window
Typically reconstituted with 1–2 mL bacteriostatic water.
Laboratory record checklist
- Compound identity recorded in lab notebook (name, lot, preparation date)
- Analytical identity cross-checked against published sequence or structure
- Potency or concentration documented from analytical certificate when available
- Purity or HPLC data filed when provided with research material
- Appearance noted: intact lyophilized cake or uniform powder
- Sterility / endotoxin report archived when available
- Storage temperature applied immediately per published stability guidance