Peptide
Reference library
Educational peptide reference — research use only.
Research & educational use only
For laboratory and educational research only. Not for human or veterinary consumption. This is not medical advice. Always follow applicable laws and consult qualified professionals.
The calculator performs unit math for research reference. It must not be used to plan or guide dosing in humans or animals. Verify all figures independently in your lab protocol.
Semaglutide
A GLP-1 receptor agonist studied in diabetes and weight-management research.
- Half-life (approx.)
- ~7 days (approx., subQ)
- Diluent
- Pre-mixed pen or BW per research vial
- Common vials
- 2, 5, 10 mg
Half-life figures are literature approximations for educational reference — not pharmacokinetic advice.
Overview
Semaglutide is a GLP-1 receptor agonist with 94% homology to native GLP-1 and albumin binding for extended half-life (Ozempic/Wegovy). It is among the most studied incretin compounds in diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular-outcome trials. Weekly GLP-1 analog with extensive phase 3 diabetes, obesity, and cardiovascular outcome data.
Structure & identity
GLP-1 analog with C18 di-acid linker at Lys26
Status: FDA-approved (Ozempic, Wegovy, Rybelsus).
Mechanism
Semaglutide is a GLP-1 analogue resistant to DPP-4 degradation with albumin binding for extended subcutaneous exposure. It enhances glucose-dependent insulin secretion and reduces glucagon and appetite signaling.
GLP-1 analog with C18 fatty-acid albumin binding for weekly DPP-4-resistant receptor activation. C18 fatty-acid albumin binding produces DPP-4-resistant weekly receptor activation.
Studies & clinical programs
SUSTAIN / STEP programs(Phase 3)
Type 2 diabetes and chronic weight management
- Weekly GLP-1 receptor agonism with C18 fatty-acid albumin binding extends half-life versus native GLP-1.
- STEP trials document dose-dependent weight loss in obesity populations.
- SUSTAIN program established HbA1c and cardiovascular outcome data in diabetes.
Source: NEJM / Lancet semaglutide trials
Research models in literature
- SUSTAIN/SMART trials
- SELECT cardiovascular trial
- STEP obesity program
Literature highlights
- GLP-1 analog with C18 fatty-acid albumin binding evaluated in SUSTAIN, STEP, and SELECT trials.
- Weekly subQ and oral (Rybelsus) formulations studied across diabetes and obesity programs.
- HbA1c, weight, and cardiovascular outcome data extensively published.
Key targets & pathways
Research areas
Routes in research literature
Also known as
Stability & storage phases
| Phase | Condition | Guidance |
|---|---|---|
| Lyophilized | Sealed vial, refrigerated (2–8 °C) | Intact lyophilized cake or powder is typically stable for months to years per published stability data; protect from moisture, light, and repeated freeze-thaw of the dry vial. |
| Reconstituted | Bacteriostatic water (0.9% benzyl alcohol), refrigerated | Most aqueous peptide solutions remain usable for approximately 2–4 weeks refrigerated; verify published stability data and label with reconstitution date. |
| Working aliquots | Pre-drawn syringes or microtubes, frozen (−20 °C) | Aliquot promptly after mixing to limit freeze-thaw cycles on the main vial; thaw once and use to reduce protease-mediated degradation. |
Stability windows are formulation-dependent — verify published data and your lab SOP.
Reconstitution reference table
| Vial (mg) | Diluent (mL) | mcg/mL | Units @ 100 mcg | Units @ 250 mcg | Units @ 500 mcg |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 2 | 1000.0 | 10 | 25 | 50 |
| 5 | 2 | 2500.0 | 4 | 10 | 20 |
| 10 | 2 | 5000.0 | 2 | 5 | 10 |
U-100 insulin syringe scale (100 units = 1 mL). Illustrative only — not dosing guidance.
Reconstitution steps
- Allow vial to reach room temperature (15–30 min)
- Swab rubber stopper with alcohol prep pad
- Draw calculated bacteriostatic water into syringe
- Inject diluent slowly down vial wall — do not spray directly onto cake
- Gently swirl until fully dissolved — do not shake vigorously
- Label with date, concentration, and diluent volume
- Refrigerate and use within your lab stability window
Research formulations vary; pre-filled pens use different concentrations.
Laboratory record checklist
- Compound identity recorded in lab notebook (name, lot, preparation date)
- Analytical identity cross-checked against published sequence or structure
- Potency or concentration documented from analytical certificate when available
- Purity or HPLC data filed when provided with research material
- Appearance noted: intact lyophilized cake or uniform powder
- Sterility / endotoxin report archived when available
- Storage temperature applied immediately per published stability guidance